Degenerative joint disease (osteoarthritis) damages or destroys cartilage and its supportive collagen structure.
Secondary osteoarthritis can result from repeated joint trauma, inherited predisposition or previous inflammatory conditions.
A natural, holistic approach strives to improve the environment of the cartilage and joint as a whole by providing protective and restorative nourishment, increased circulation, decreased inflammation and reduced free radical damage.
The ingredients in PIONEER's Glucosamine Chondroitin Joint Care Formula help support the "whole-joint" approach.
Glucosamine provides two components ctitical to this synthesis: hyaluronic acid and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has a wide range of benefits.
FX Marquart et al, Triterpenes from centella asiatica stimulate extracellular matrix accumulation in rat experimental wounds.
july
Governor Tom Vilsack said "Iowa's future is here today" to mark the opening of Cargill's new glucosamine plant in Eddyville.
The expansion brings Cargill's Eddyville workforce up to 460 at a bioprocessing complex that represents Cargill's largest single investment in North America.
100 company---has announced its commitment to open a new automotive battery component manufacturing plant in Red Oak, Iowa.
The number of Iowans having access to high-speed Internet service continues to grow, providing worldwide communications for the growth of business and technology investments in the state.
According to an assessment by the Iowa Utilities Board, nearly 68 percent of rural and urban communities in Iowa have high-speed Internet access through options such as Digital Subscriber Line, cable modem, and wireless technologies.
note Chitosan is an unbranched homopolymer of glucosamine that has been increasingly used in many industrial as well as medical applications.
We have found that Fluorophore Assisted Carbohydrate Electrophoresis® (FACE) using ANTS (8-aminonaph-thalene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid) successfully labels and separates the glucosamine monomer, dimer, and trimer.
Moreover chitosan can be converted to chitin (unbranched homopolymers of N-acetyl glucosamine, NAG) by the addition of acetic anhydride.
Producing chitin from water-soluble chitosan resulted in soluble chitin polymers of up to nine visible, as imaged with FACE technology.
Figure 1 shows the electrophoretic mobilities of the ANTS labeled glucosamine oligosaccharides.
The glucosamine monomer shows one band in the size range of NAG2 and NAG3 and one band that is smaller than NAG2.
jcom_mar01_glucosa http://www.turner-white.com/pdf/jcom_mar01_glucosa.pdf
To assess long-term effects of glucosamine sulphate on anatomic and symptomatic outcomes in patients with mild to moderate osteoarthritis (OA).
Three methods were used to evaluate data for patients who did not complete all assessments: last measure forward, random data, and worst-case scenario (average data from the placebo group).
To be included, patients had to be older than 50 years and have primary knee OA of the medial femorotibial compartment, as diagnosed by American College of Rheumatology criteria.
The primary clinical endpoint was 3-year percent change in total score on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) OA index [2].
While such research would be helpful, I do not think clinicians need to wait to recommend glucosamine to patients with OA.
Synthesis-4-2002-487 http://www.chem.purdue.edu/awei/publications/Synthesis-4-2002-487.pdf
Abstract: Glucosamine hydrochloride was transformed into an orthogonally protected intermediate in seven steps and 34% overall yield.
Glucosamine derivatives are important intermediates in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates.1 Both natural and synthetic glucosamine-containing compounds have demonstrated potent anticoagulation and immunomodulatory activity2 and are used clinically to treat heart disease,3 arthritis,4 and kidney disorders.5 Recent methodological advances in the solid-state synthesis of complex carbohydrates6 are likely to increase demand for the scalable preparation of monosaccharide precursors with orthogonal protecting group systems.
The mixture was stirred at --20 °C for 15 min, then treated with TMSOTf (0.07 mL of a 2 M solution in CH2Cl2) and warmed to 0 °C over a period of 30 min.
cam3 http://www5.aaos.org/courses/cam/cam3.pdf
glucosamine, sulfate, osteoarthritis, chondroitin sulfate, clinicians, articular cartilage, management, patients, arthritis, Arnold, placebo, knee, treatment, evidence, support.
To the Editor: In their article in the March/April 2001 issue, Brief et al1 provided a concise description of much of the basic and clinical science data regarding the use of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in the management of osteoarthritis, and concluded that these supplements should not be used in clinical practice.
Basic science information supporting the clinical use of glucosamine sulfate can be found in articles by Noyszewski et al2 and Gouze et al.3 In intact bovine articular cartilage implants, Noyszewski and co-workers demonstrated the uptake and metabolism of glucosamine by explants, as well as its incorporation into cartilage proteoglycan.
Where does this leave us as clinicians caring for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee?
pharmacokinetics http://www.ualberta.ca/~csps/JPPS5(2)/F.Jamali2/pharmacokinetics.pdf
glucosamine, administration, rat, pharmacokinetics, doses, plasma, drug, bioavailability, distribution, determination, metabolism, calculation, osteoarthritis, routes, Canada.
Abstract Purpose: To study the pharmacokinetics of glucosamine following various routes of administration of the hydrochloride salt to rats and to locate the site of its firstpass metabolism.
The peak plasma concentration, after oral administration, occurred approximately 30 min post-dose and the absolute bioavailability was 0.19.
The gut rather than liver is mainly responsible for the first pass metabolism since reduced bioavailability is observed after oral but not intraperitoneal doses.
Current drug therapies, including acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, do not slow or reverse the degenerative process in osteoarthritis.
Pharmacokinetic studies of glucosamine in the rat, dog and man have been reported (3-5).
glucosamine
glucosamine, glucosamine sulfate, osteoarthritis, cartilage, nutritional supplement, physician, allergy, connective tissue, healthy, shells, medications, shellfish, efficacy, pain, common form.
The following information on the nutritional supplement Glucosamine Sulfate is not intended as medical advice and should not be used to replace proper medical care or any therapeutic program recommended by a physician.
Glucosamine is a nutritional supplement that is derived primarily from shrimp shells but shell of a crab or any other crustacean is acceptable.
Glucosamine appears to help maintain healthy joint function as well as help rebuild damaged joint cartilage, tendons, ligaments and other connective tissue.
Research suggests that glucosamine sulfate is effective in the treatment osteoarthritis.
If you have such an allergy, you should consult your physician before taking this supplement.
glucosamine
glucosamine, glucosamine hydrochloride, contract, acetylglucosamine, support nomination, NTP, NCI, sulfate, reports, Chemicals, dietary supplements, osteoarthritis, ingredients, chondroitin, Internatioanl.
Glucosamine is brought to the attention of the Chemical Selection Working Group because it is a widely used dietary supplement that would be consumed over a period of many years to maximize potential beneficial effects.
Used alone or with chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine salts alleviate pain and inflammation from osteoarthritis and reportedly have beneficial effects on degenerated joints.
A recent clinical trial involving 212 subjects with osteoarthritis found no differences in reporting adverse events between those who received glucosamine sulfate (1,500 mg/day) for 3 years and those who received placebo (Reginster et al., 2001).
The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) are conducting a multicenter study to investigate the efficacy of Pfanstiehl Laboratories glucosamine hydrochloride and/or Bioibérica, S.A. chondroitin sulfate for treating knee pain associated with osteoarthritis.
gags
sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, cartilage, pain, osteoarthritis, patients, diseases, agents, administration, symptoms, treatment, glucosamine, proteoglycans, articular cartilage, glycosaminoglycans.
More recently, numerous studies have investigated the potential role of chondroprotective agents in repairing articular cartilage and decelerating the degenerative process.
The reports of limited clinical experience with two of these agents, glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, as well as the accompanying publicity in the popular media, have generated controversy.
Half received daily intramuscular injections of 400 mg of glucosamine sulfate for 1 week, followed by 2 weeks of oral glucosamine sulfate, 1,500 mg (500 mg three times daily).
A larger, randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in 1980 in Italy by Drovanti et al.18 Eighty patients with established osteoarthritis received either oral glucosamine sulfate (500 mg three times daily) or placebo for 30 days.
