The National Institute of Justice is a component of the Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and the Office for Victims of Crime.
Psychologist Cathy Spatz Widom also examines the intersection---or cycle---of victimization and criminality, examining whether abuse and neglect in childhood promote criminality later in life by derailing young girls' normal development.
The National Clearinghouse for the Defense of Battered Women, one of the few national organizations that collect data on the relationship between violence against women and women's involvement in illegal activity, reports that more than half of all women in detention had been battered or raped before being incarcerated.33 Previously, the most comprehensive documentation of violence against women involved in illegal activity was reports of hearings conducted in 1985 at the Bedford Hills Correctional Facility in New York State.
9857854 http://www.uncjin.org/Standards/9857854.pdf
This Handbook was prepared by a group of experts from more than 40 countries at a series of meetings supported by the Office for Victims of Crime in the United States Department of Justice and the Ministry of Justice in the Netherlands.
On 29 November 1985, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power (General Assembly resolution 40/34, annex) based on the conviction that victims should be treated with compassion and respect for their dignity and that they are entitled to prompt redress for the harm that they have suffered, through access to the criminal justice system, reparation and services to assist their recovery.
rough justice http://www.acm.org/usacm/IG/roughjustice.pdf
ICANN's Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) is an international dispute resolution procedure that enables trademark holders to challenge the registrant of an Internet domain name, bring the name to binding arbitration and, if the challenge is successful, gain control of the name.
Reverse hijackings occurred as corporations used their legal and financial muscle to evict legitimate domain name holders from valuable registrations they wanted.
As we discuss below, the rules and precedents used to resolve conflicts over names have important implications for freedom of expression and intellectual property rights.
But the significance of the precedents and rights established by the UDRP should not be confused with the scale of the problem.
figuresofjustice http://www.supremecourtus.gov/about/figuresofjustice.pdf
One of the most recognized legal symbols visible at the Supreme Court is the female figure representing Justice.
Portraying Justice as a female figure dates back to depictions of Themis and Justicia in ancient mythology.
Themis, known for her clear-sightedness, was the Greek Goddess of Justice and Law.
Some early depictions of Justice included scales to represent impartiality and a sword to symbolize power.
The origin of the blindfold is unclear, but there is some evidence that these early artists added the blindfold to indicate the courts' tolerance of, or ignorance to, abuse of the law.
In the frieze at the top of the west wall (at the back of the Courtroom), a robed Justice (left) is the focus of the allegorical story of the battle of Good Versus Evil.
chap9e http://www.gnb.ca/OAG-BVG/1998/chap9e.pdf
The New Brunswick Integrated Justice initiative (NBIJ) first came to the attention of our Office during our follow-up of 1993 observations for our 1995 Report.
In the 1995 Report, our Office also noted that the proposal by Andersen Consulting represented a new type of procurement process: "our understanding is that the NBIJ proposal is based on the premise that the costs of the project, including the technology solutions, will be financed by Andersen Consulting.
9.7 On 12 June 1997, the Board of Management authorized the Departments of Justice and the Solicitor General to enter into a severance agreement with Andersen Consulting of no more than $2.9 million.
envjustice http://tis.eh.doe.gov/oepa/guidance/justice/envjustice.pdf
He used a companion Memorandum to the Heads of Federal Agencies to note the role of existing Federal law in achieving environmental justice in Federal programs and activities, emphasizing that "existing environmental and civil rights statutes provide many opportunities to address environmental hazards in minority communities and low-income communities."
Rather, the Order aims to make sure that lowincome and minority communities play a meaningful role in agencies' impact analyses and decision-making.
The Health and Safety Plan documents potentially hazardous operations and exposures and details plans for ensuring that the health and safety of site workers, the surrounding community, and the environment.
frame Department, and the Sheriff's Department endorsed the development of a community restorative justice plan.
On November 19, 1998, approximately 100 private and public sector community leaders gathered to further consider the possibility of restorative justice within Fresno County.
This framework has been created to encourage the use of restorative justice principles in responding to conflicts, disputes, offenses and crimes throughout our community.
Stakeholders design and develop, with outside assistance if needed, a plan for organizational change based on restorative justice principles.
The county is isolated from the urban areas in northern and southern California, yet is large enough and diverse enough to sustain a major philosophical shift in principles of human conduct.
Shleifer, background for 10.31.02
In cooperation with Lex Mundi member law firms in 109 countries, we measure and describe the exact procedures used by litigants and courts to evict a tenant for non-payment of rent and to collect a bounced check.
A poor society may rely on informal dispute resolution; a richer one relies on more complex contracts and needs courts to resolve disputes.
If countries select their legal procedures voluntarily, then one can argue that greater formalism is an efficient adaptation to a weaker law and order environment.
For the simple cases we consider, access to specialized courts generally entails procedural simplification aimed at "mass production" (similar to traffic courts in the U.S.).
IJIS-Standards http://it.ojp.gov/technology/files/IJIS-Standards.pdf
During the past 30 years, the lack of standards for linking justice information systems has been responsible for a substantial part of the high costs involved with information exchange and has contributed significantly to the associated difficulties of exchanging information between justice agencies.
Now that a variety of organizations have acknowledged the importance of data exchange standards, it is critical that the adoption of justice information exchange standards take into account emerging technologies which will serve as the basis for information exchange in a broad spectrum of industry sectors.
The changes that have occurred in industry over the past 30 years is remarkable in that today's technology drivers take into serious account the need for shared, open industry driven (as opposed to vendor driven) standards on which to base system interoperability.
Fellows_Brochure_2004
All applications must be submitted online through the application website.
· There are two application routes for obtaining a Fellowship: Route A and Route B. Both are described briefly in this brochure.
Fellowship offers extended on a rolling basis.
Late November 2003 Equal Justice Works advances a limited number of proposals and gives approved applicants permission to seek matching funds.
4This amount covers only a portion of Equal Justice Works program costs.
Organizations may not directly submit an application through Route A, but can work closely with an individual candidate to develop the project proposal.
The application components are a project proposal, a fellowship candidate and a host organization.
justice
In the Strategy Paper Making Government Work for Poor People2 DFID recognises that in order to meet the International Development Targets for poverty reduction, it is necessary for governments to develop the capacity to ensure safety, security and access to justice for all.
The police often abuse their powers and act oppressively.
One of its objectives is to improve police treatment of victims.
A justice sector-wide assessment in Bangladesh emphasised the need to improve the protection of poor people by the police.
4 International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (1999).
Quoted in Prison Conditions in Africa: Report of a Pan-African Seminar (PRI, October 1997).
flournoy http://www.twq.com/02autumn/flournoy.pdf
Justice and reconciliation, in tandem, must be seen as a central pillar of any assistance for postconflict reconstruction and should receive priority attention early and throughout the life of an operation.
The past decade of international experience in postconflict assistance suggests that substantial gaps exist in the ability of the United States and the international community to assist in these areas rapidly as well as to develop an integrated strategy to achieve justice and reconciliation.
Drawing on expertise and experience from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) such as Internews, USAID should have the ability to help promote justice and reconciliation activities and disseminate legal information through radio, print, and other communication resources.
oct-2002-cj-white-paper
Liberty welcomes the chance to respond to the Home Office publication 'Justice for All'.
the Criminal Justice System exists to fight crime and deliver fair, efficient and effective justice on behalf of victims, defendants and the community.
However, it is worth mentioning that this will mean that magistrates who have determined that their powers are sufficient will have heard of the defendant's previous convictions even if they decide after further consideration that they are not relevant.
As it is proposed that nearly all convictions be heard in any event this may not have any further impact in the magistrates' court.
rsjcl1
On the night of Monday, 11, January 1999, Roger Sylvester, a 30 year old black man, was restrained outside his home by eight police officers, from Tottenham Police Station.
Within 45 minutes he had sustained numerous injuries and was later in a coma on a life support system.
The family was told that Roger was not arrested and he had not been violent towards any police officers, or anyone else.
We are awaiting the post-mortem results, the early disclosure of documents and a progress report from the PCA.
In the longer term we are awaiting the outcome of the investigation, primarily whether the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) back any prosecutions.
article1
The American Probation and Parole Association convened a focus group in March 2000 to examine and discuss the role of restorative justice in teen court programs, also commonly called youth courts and peer courts.
When viewed from a restorative lens, crime is a violation of people and relationships -- the relationships between the offender and his or her family, friends, victims, and the community -- as opposed to merely an act against the state (Zehr, 1990).
No matter what direction a program chooses for involving victims, it is important for teen court staff and participants to obtain additional victim-sensitivity and advocacy training.
This type of training is often available from local victim advocacy staff working in the criminal/juvenile justice system and/or in the community.
