Not too long ago, the term “distributed development” did not exist.http://www.perforce.com/perforce/conferences/us/2005/presentations/VinayakPaper.pdf. Every developer working on a project had to be in the same building, often with offices located along the same hall. Today’s corporate software development teams epitomize the global village: business users in New York present requirements to design team in San Francisco that drives the development team in UK and QA team in India. Distributed software development projects are fast becoming the norm, and coordinating efforts of far flung development teams is shaping up to become one of the biggest challenges faced by enterprise IT today. It is hard to imagine any sizeable development project to be managed without an underlying software configuration management (SCM) tool. This paper outlines the business needs that an SCM tool should be able to fulfill to support distributed development, the common approach adopted by tool vendors over the years, and the innovative architecture implemented by Perforce Software. Requirements for Distributed Software Development Perforce Software bypasses the intricacies of replication by basing its solution around a centralized depot. This approach provides simple yet powerful architecture to cater to different scenarios of collaborative software development like: Shared development, when local and remote developers need to work together as a cohesive unit with no practical distinction for geography Code sharing, when local and remote developers work as separate teams that Instead of having to ship code via email attachments or CDs, Perforce Software provides Remote Depot feature, which automates such “code-drops”. Perforce ...
Cheaper software development will enable the Air Force to contain its escalating software costs; for example, 30% of F-22 EMD-phase costs were software costs.http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/vistas/itch10.pdf. By 2005-2015, advances in software architecture technology will enable concurrent engineering of hardware devices and their software. Much of software development technology will be developed and supplied commercially, but some Air Force needs involve Air Force investments to achieve faster, cheaper, and better Air Force software. Examples are capabilities which scale to very large, complex, real-time systems; tools with limited commercial markets, such as weapon system software test simula-tor/stimulators; and reusable software asset generation for Air Force domains. For the future, Air Force software development must treat COTS software as the primary driver of its information processing capabilities. Instead, the Air Force needs to develop software product line architectures for its families of applications, and to reuse software assets across each product line. Instead, the Air Force needs to identify areas in which better-than-COTS performance will provide significant combat advantages, and to invest proactively both in developing Air Force-unique software capabilities and in influencing the COTS marketplace toward compatibility with and support of Air Force software assets. Particularly important software areas with respect to combat performance are embedded real-time software, high-performance sensor processing, intelligent software, and distributed information management enabling anywhere-anytime access to decision-critical information. Not only does the Air ...
After extensive research into the design of educational mathematical software for use in secondary schools, it has become apparent that conventional software design processes do not produce software which satisfies the specific needs of individual teachers.http://www.any2any.org/EPATCM/EP/2003/2003C148/fullpaper.pdf. This paper focuses on the partnership design processes that were used to create these software packages, with a strong emphasis on analysing the interactions between the software engineer and teacher. Our experience shows that it is not just a case of knowledge about suitable software but in fact a lack of suitable software. We have conducted four case studies, with us acting as the software developer, aimed at analysing the process of co-developing educational mathematical software with secondary-level mathematics teachers. In this phase the software designer produced prototypes of the software to confirm that the configuration and presentation discussed were correctly portrayed. In this phase the software was executed in the classroom setting and feedback on the software’s performance was sought from the teacher. The teacher’s knowledge of existing software became a significant issue in the software design phase, as it often limited their ideas as to what was possible. One technique utilised by the software designer to assist in software production was to show the teacher examples of existing software. In case D the teacher did not start off with a clear idea of how software could be used to teach the topic, so existing software was used to stimulate ideas of what the teacher would like to see in the design. Conversely, in case study B the examples of ...
In an effort to promote a more professional environment in the development of software, this course includes a detailed explanation of the current techniques for software design.http://www.coe.neu.edu/Depts/SET/lis/syllabi/FL05/ETC4321.pdf. It includes a brief discussion of project management, team skills, financial and project planning techniques and management techniques that should be applied to any software development effort. Each group is responsible for creating and demonstrating working software according to the plans, requirements and specifications for the specific project. The projects must conform to the elements of software design that are described in the course. This course is intended to provide a management overview and a template that can and should be used to solve the current issues in software development. For those who truly take heed, this course will give a true awareness of the issues and disciplines of designing software-based systems. The course dissects the problems of team-based software development and provides methods and systems that can be applied to the creation, management and completion of complex software projects. Section 1: The Basics A review of the need for software engineering and the differences between hardware and software projects is presented. Various models for modeling software s will be shown. None of the class projects will be able to move forward until this most important part of the software engineering project is complete. Section 2: Requirements A detailed discussion of just what constitutes software project definitions will be held. None of the class projects will be able to move forward until this most important part ...
: Business process: “A collection of activities that takes in one or more kind of input and creates an output that is of value to the customer.http://www.ibm.com/ru/events/presentations/swforum/zlobin_development.pdf.” Hammer & Champy ° Role-based user interfaces ° Common models for integration across lifecycle ° Artifact sharing via interface to team unifying platform Project Manager ISS is heavily involved with systems integration activities in the defense community. Programs typically span several years, involve extensive legacy application integration, and have over 100 developers. Consolidation in their market has leveled the playing field. ISS needed to improve their development practices to stay competitive. They needed to become faster, better, and cheaper. It also improved communications between ISS and their customers. Lockheed Martin uses the IBM Software Development Platform to stay competitive in the Defense industry and win new business. With a 747 accommodating 400 passengers, this means $308 for every minute of delay. ° McKinsey has determined the average # of minutes to The same study showed the Best Practice Airline turns the same aircraft around in 33.11 minutes. costs per minute of idle aircraft results in a potential savings of $6064 per 747 aircraft, per turnaround, per day of operation.
SanDisk® Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications where in a failure or malfunction of the product may directly threaten life or injury.http://www.sandisk.com/Assets/File/OEM/DesignSupportTools/miniSDSupportTools/sddk-07.R1.pdf. Per SanDisk Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of SanDisk products in life support applications assumes all risk of such use and indemnifies SanDisk against all damages. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. SanDisk Corporation shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein; nor for incidental or consequential damages resulting from the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. In addition to MultiMediaCard command functionality that allows the SD Memory Card to operate as a high speed MultiMediaCard, a sophisticated architecture ensures that content can only be accessed by licensed software that has intimate knowledge of this new security scheme. A protected area of the card, also referred to as the authentication area, is only made visible after the accessing software is given clearance to do so. Once “authenticated,” the software uses special SD Memory Card commands to read and write the authentication area. Given the scope of these security features, it's not surprising that the software that contributes to this overall strategy is extremely complex. The SanDisk SD-Audio Software Development Kit (SDK) contains all of the above software infrastructure and provides an Applications Program Interface (API) that easily integrates with host platforms. The SanDisk SD-Audio SDK includes the following components: SD-Audio Software Layer: This layer ...
The potential of Semantic Web technology in the context of agile software development is massive.http://www.mel.nist.gov/msid/conferences/SWESE/repository/13on_agile_methods_and_oda.pdf. At the same time this potential is massively underappreciated. The focus of the W3C Software Engineering Task Force group [1] has been on bringing together Semantic Web technologies and Software Engineering. However, Software Engineering is only one aspect of the software development field. Arguably most software is nowadays developed using rather agile, light-weight approaches. Agile methods like unit testing and refactoring have become mainstream years ago, and are much better supported by tools than MDA ideas, which still have to be proven in practice. In related fields such as multi-agent systems there is also evidence [4] that formal design methods are not necessarily the best choice. In an open setting like the Semantic Web these results can likely be applied as well. Based on my background as a developer of the Protégé-OWL platform [3], I think the Semantic Web community should now address the issue of how to support contemporary software developers with their short-term, real-world problems. Protégé has an active user community, and many of these users are actually developing ontology-based software. These people (and their decision makers) often ask about the purpose of ontology development, and how to have ontologies interact with the rest of their application architecture. For these people our community should explain that OWL and its tools like Protégé have many advantages compared to similar tools from the UML world (e.g., easier to use for end-users, different formal expressiveness with reasoning ...
Only 20% of their work produces new function that’s visible and valuable
to testers and developers.http://www.eclipse.org/tptp/home/archives/hyades/project_info/HyadesFormation.12.pdf.
A Tools subproject of the Eclipse open source community, the Hyades project provides
an open source platform for Automated Software Quality (ASQ) tools, and a range
of open source reference implementations of ASQ tooling for testing, tracing and
monitoring software systems. The goal of the Hyades project is to bring ASQ tools
into the Eclipse environment in a consistent way that maximizes integration with
tools used in the other processes of the software lifecycle. This enhanced integration
should reduce the cost and complexity of implementing effective automated software
quality control processes. Hyades is designed to support a full range of testing
methodologies via an open-source infrastructure layer through which ASQ tools
can interoperate. Examples of simple open-source test and trace tooling are provided
by the project. Hyades is an open source integrated test, trace and monitoring
environment, based on the open source Eclipse platform, that provides a common
framework for tool interoperability across the software development process. The
focus for software quality practices has traditionally been confined to QA testing
immediately prior to deployment. These inevitable practices lead to continual
compromises in the quality and reliability of the software that is built and deployed.
As we progress into new eras of computing, software quality and reliability will
impact our everyday lives well beyond the time spent at the screen of a personal
computer. Consistent practices must be implemented throughout the ...
Keywords: Software architecture, software design, software engineering Abstract As the size of software systems increases, the algorithms and data structures of the computation no longer constitute the major design problems.http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/intro_softarch/intro_softarch.pdf. When systems are constructed from many components, the organization of the overall system—the software architecture—presents a new set of design problems. In this paper we provide an introduction to the emerging field of software architecture. Then we present six case studies to illustrate how architectural representations can improve our understanding of complex software systems. And while there is not currently a well-defined terminology or notation to characterize architectural structures, good software engineers make common use of architectural principles when designing complex software. Third, detailed understanding of software architectures allows the engineer to make principled choices among design alternatives. The purpose is to illustrate the current state of the discipline and examine the ways in which architectural design can impact software design. Next we use six case studies to illustrate how architectural representations of a software system can improve our understanding of complex systems. One characterization of progress in programming languages and tools has been regular increases in abstraction level—or the conceptual size of software designers building blocks. Since its introduction, the problem has become well-known and is widely used as a teaching device in software engineering. From the point of view of software architecture, the problem derives its appeal from the fact that ...
As well as providing two-thirds of the endownment fund, the Macau authorities also supply UNU/IIST with its office premises and furniture and subsidise fellow accommodation.http://www.iist.unu.edu/newrh/III/1/docs/techreports/report259.pdf. Software products are software systems delivered to a customer with the documentation which describes how to install and use the system. It should be noted that the relative importance of these characteristics obviously varies from system to system, and that optimizing all these characteristics is difficult as some are exclusive. Returning to the issue of maintainability, a software product as a model of the real world has to be main-tained constantly in order to remain an accurate reflection of changes in the real world. For instance, if the sales tax rate in the USA changes from to deals with buying or selling has to be changed. In general, a process defines who is doing what when and how to reach a certain goal. Figure 2.1: A simplified view of the software development process The client's requirements define the goal of the software development. The functional requirements should state what the system should do rather than how it is done. In summary, the requirement specification is the official statement of what is required of the system to be developed. It is not a design document and it must state what to be done rather than how it is done. Having said what make software inherently complex, an essential problem of software engineering is how we can master this complexity during the software development process. One thing will become clear to us, OO design helps in developing good software written in C++ and Java. These concepts and objects are very ...
The mission of UNU/IIST is to assist developing countries in the application and development of software tech-nology.http://www.iist.unu.edu/newrh/III/1/docs/techreports/report244.pdf. Curriculum development projects, in which courses of software technology for universities in developing countries are developed, 4. Dissemination, in which UNU/IIST regularly distributes to developing countries information on interna-tional progress of software technology. At present, the technical focus of UNU/IIST is on formal methods for software development. Hardware/Software Interface plays an important role in co-design of the embedded computer system. It links the software part and the hardware part of the system. This report shows how the hardware and software interfaces can be implemented by using bus extended technology in embedded computer system, which includes the primitive interface, the synchronous interface and the data communication protocol between the hardware and the software. Hardware/Software Co-design technique supports the simultaneous design of both hardware and soft-ware to implement a desired function. With hardware and software co-design methodology, a system specification is partitioned into hardware and software parts according to the system architecture. Hardware/Software Interface links the software part and the hardware part in the system. Use of bus technology in design of the hardware/software interface of embedded systems can reduce the link number of wires and devices, and make the system easy to be extended. The input interface for processor is composed of the hardware interface and the software interface. The multi-inout software interface is the same ...
Introduction Traditional software development is characterized by the structured programming paradigm introduced in the late 60’s and early 70’s.http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/csed/doc_consortium/DC98/smith.pdf. This paradigm relies on top-down functional decomposition to derive software modules. The structured programming paradigm provides a monolithic view of the software development process. Traditional software effort estimation models capture this monolithic view of software development. In these models, software effort is projected at the large-grained system level [1,4]. Contemporary development practices characterize a software application as interacting, independent components. These components may be Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components, internally developed reusable components or newly developed software artifacts. To accurately predict effort in Component B ased Software Development (CBSD), a fine-grained approach is needed to identify and classify the relevant cost factors. The limitations of traditional models are problematic for effort estimation in CBSD. Effort estimation in CBSD is concerned with deriving estimations for small, concurrent development projects. The metrics capture the dynamic nature of component development that distinguishes the paradigm from traditional software development. The processes involved in CBSD differ from those of traditional software development. An effort estimation model that incorporates a few quantitative parameters would be beneficial to the software industry. It would provide the groundwork for further exploration into effort estimation in CBSD. Empirical Study In an effort to answer these research questions, a formal ...
It provides its customers with an integrated software system of applications that communicate across various hardware platforms.http://www.cs.umd.edu/users/mvz/mswe609/book/chapter1.pdf. In most cases, we do not even have intuitive models of the software product. It is clear that the nineties will be the quality era for software and there is a growing need to develop or adapt quality improvement approaches to the software business. Do we know what the cost of quality control activities should be for should be for a development business such as software? We must characterize in order to differentiate project environments and understand the current software process and product, and provide baselines for future assessments. If our goal is to improve software quality, let us examine some of the variety of organizational frameworks proposed to improve quality for various businesses. Lean (Software) Development represents a principle supporting the concentration of the production on ôvalue addedö activities and the elimination or reduction of ônot value addedö activities. Although the approach was developed for manufacturing, it has been used by several companies as an improvement paradigm for software development. This means that one model for software development does not work in all situations. Based upon the SEL experience where is full measurement program has been in progress for over 14 years, project data collection overhead is estimated to be about 5% of the project software cost. We define a technique to be a basic algorithm, or set of steps to be followed in constructing or assessing the software. We define a life cycle model as an integrated set of methods that covers the ...
Fifteen projects using a COTS-based approach were studied and their actual process was documented.http://www.cs.umd.edu/projects/SoftEng/ESEG/papers/83.83.pdf. This process is evaluated to identify essential differences in comparison to traditional software development. The main differences, and the activities for which projects require more guidance, are requirements definition and COTS selection, high level design, integration and testing. Starting from these empirical observations, a new process and guidelines for COTS-based development are developed and briefly presented. It has also presented many challenges to software developers attempting to enter this new arena. COTS may be one of the most diversely defined terms in current software development. For the purposes of this paper, the term COTS means a software product, supplied by a vendor, that has specific functionality as part of a system—a piece of prebuilt software that is integrated into the system and must be delivered with the system to provide operational functionality or to sustain maintenance efforts. The term COTS project refers to a project that integrates COTS packages and other software to develop a system. This initial strawman process was then reviewed for feasibility by key FDD software engineers who have had some experience with COTS. Interviewees mentioned that software patches were placed on vendor Web sites that were downloaded to the target system. The process is targeted to COTS-based projects using several peer COTS or one COTS integrated with a considerable amount of new developed software. Design includes a high level design activity where one of the main concerns is defining the integration of COTS ...
