This paper details the findings of a case study for the implementation of a P2M (Project & Program Management for Enterprise Innovation) framework for software development in a multi-project environment.http://www.pmforum.org/library/cases/P2MtoSoftwareDevelopment3-4.pdf. In real life, projects are not carried out in a single project environment. A real challenge which every corporate management team faces everyday is how to deal with multi-projects. P2M framework P2M is the standard guidebook of project and program management in Japan, which provides a framework of broader knowledge for practitioners with a mindset of mission achievement. The mission reflects the demand for the best quality of service value, but the smallest possible lifecycle cost is budgeted for construction contractors to manage project risk. Given the mission, the approach is initiated to spur debate about the essence of projects and subsequently to find hurdles and solutions for overcoming them by all team members. This process is hard, but is indispensable in achieving the mission by identifying reality for targeting ideality. P2M framework focuses on the human aspects to identify the hurdles and solutions by management from multiple angles. Analysis of Current Situation In P2M methodology, gap analysis is stressed for describing reality and ideality in comparative form. To comply with this thinking approach, a “Questioning Session” was conducted by the initiative of the author. We have helped the implementation of Critical Chain in many software companies, but we have no unsuccessful case. I also heard from fellow consultants that there was no such case in software companies, and we discussed it might ...
In today’s business where speed is of essence, an iterative development approach that allows the functionality to be delivered in parts has become a necessity and an effective way to manage risks.http://www.cse.iitk.ac.in/users/jalote/papers/DefectPrevention.pdf. Iterative development allows feedback from an iteration to influence decisions in future iterations, thereby making software development more responsive to changing user and business needs. In this paper we discuss the role of defect analysis as a feedback mechanism to improve the quality and productivity in an iteratively developed software project. We discuss how analysis of defects found in one iteration can provide feedback for defect prevention in later iterations, leading to quality and productivity improvement. A project using the traditional waterfall model of developing software assumes that that requirements are stable, and delivers the entire software at one shot in the end. In an iterative development, software is built and delivered to the customer in iterations – each iteration delivering a working software system that is generally an increment to the previous delivery. The commonly used iterative development approach is organized as a sequence of iterations, with each of the iterations delivering parts of the functionality. With this type of iterative development, as working software is released in stages, feedback from one release is available for next iterations. Most often the feedback taken from an iteration is on the functionality and user aspects of the software. However, iterative development also renders itself to feedback about the process, which opens the possibility of process improvement in later ...
An increasingly important attribute of modern software development is that of variability.http://www.comp.lancs.ac.uk/computing/aop/papers/Variability_MVCDC2004.pdf. Variability allows software artefacts to be Most literature with regard to variability has tended to be confined to code level, however, variability can be applied and occurs at all levels of the software development lifecycle, especially when new requirements arise. In this paper we discuss and reason about how variability across the lifecycle might be supported in order to provide a holistic architectural multi-dimensional approach to software development. The ability for software to be varied to different requirements is a key property in modern software development and, in particular, software product lines. Product line architectures effectively allow the automation of software development as opposed to the creation of custom ‘one of a kind’ software from scratch. By utilising variability techniques, highly reusable code libraries and components can be created, thus simplifying software development, cutting costs and decreasing time to market. Most literature on software variability tends to concentrate on the design and code level. However, variability tends to crosscut multiple points in code as well as different levels of the software development lifecycle. Ensuring the traceability of requirements and their variations throughout the software life cycle is key for a successful product line. The management of the various artefacts in a software system are normally handled by configuration management (CM). However traditional CM practices tend to manage variations in time (different versions of the software system) ...
This complete, assembled reference platform gives ISVs and other Nexperia Home Partners everything they need to create software applications and libraries for TVs, set-top boxes, digital entertainment hubs, and home media server products based on the Nexperia PNX8550 home entertainment engine.http://www.nxp.com/acrobat_download/literature/9397/75013306.pdf. The Nexperia™ Home 8550 software development kit (NH-8550 SDK) is a flexible platform for creating software applications for the Nexperia PNX8550 home entertainment engine. This complete, assembled kit gives ISVs and other third-party software companies everything they need to develop, port, test, and demonstrate applications and libraries for TV, set-top, digital entertainment hub, and home media server products. The PNX8550 is a highly integrated media processor capable of supporting advanced analog and digital TV, multimedia, control, and connectivity features. Powerful MIPS32 and TriMedia processor cores work together with on-chip units to efficiently handle control, communications and media processing functions in hardware and software. In the NH-8550 SDK’s development workflow, software is written on a host system (such as a PC) then downloaded to SDK reference hardware through an EJTAG connection. Reference hardware, system software, and application development tools for the PNX8550 home entertainment engine The complete NH-8550-SDK includes reference hardware, development tools, system software, operating systems, A/V streaming software, a demo/sample application, development tools, and documentation. As delivered, the it includes software to handle basic analog signal path functions for multiple audio and video streams. Six ...
This complete, assembled reference platform gives ISVs and other Nexperia Home Partners everything they need to create applications and libraries for TV, set-top, and home media server products based on the Nexperia PNX8550 home entertainment engine.http://www.nxp.com/acrobat_download/other/nexperia/CES04-PRELIMINARY.pdf. Complete, assembled kit includes PNX8550-based reference hardware, system software, A/V streaming software layer, operating systems, demo and sample applications, test streams, diagnostic software, software tools, and documentation Host-based application development and standalone demo modes The Nexperia™ Home 8550 software development kit (NH-8550 SDK) is a flexible reference platform for developing and demonstrating software applications for the Philips Nexperia PNX8550 home entertainment engine. This complete, assembled kit gives ISV and other third-party software developers everything they need to create applications and libraries for TV, set-top boxes, and home media server products. It is available through the Nexperia Home Partner Program. As delivered, the NH-8550 SDK is configured with basic TV functionality supporting simultaneous tuning and decoding (or input) of two worldwide analog TV signals (PAL, SECAM and NTSC). It can also decode digital still image picture formats and various MPEG audio standards. The PNX8550's powerful MIPS32 and TriMedia processor cores work together with on-chip units to efficiently handle control, communications and media processing functions in hardware and software. The SDK enables application development in a host-supported environ-ment in which software is developed on a host system (such as a PC) is downloaded to the SDK’s reference ...
The increase in global demand that makes software exports a growth industry is driven by the continued consumption of software by other countries and business enterprises.. The global software industry continues to evolve, and countries now looking to develop their software exports face a different global situation, and are likely to evolve fundamentally different software industries. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the various issues typically addressed by government planners in developing national software strategies and in deploying local software capabilities in support of national priorities. The absence of a manufacturing phase in software product development, which makes the software publishing industry especially fluid. This paper first frames the question of national software strategy in terms of deployment of a country’s “software capacity”. Finally, we outline the main elements of a balanced national software strategy that would harness software technology to address both local development challenges and global market opportunities. How many of the best software people are needed to train the next generation, so as to increase the nation’s software capacity? Table 1 summarizes the successful national software industry strategies of the three countries that achieved billion-dollar software exports in the last decade. Balancing the development of the software industry to address the needs of potential local users as well as the opportunities for export is important to an effective national software industry strategy and to overall development. Without a software industry that is attuned to domestic ...
The first in a series discussing truisms and tips for the difficult problem of developing large software projects.http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs108/handouts022/32SoftwareDev.pdf. As time runs out, either features or quality will have to give. The project proceeds with an optimistic sense of its progress. As time runs out, nobody admits how low the quality is for the chosen feature set. The deadline arrives, and you end up shipping a project with features that are 80% done. Eyes Open Would have been better to accept the reality halfway through the project, cut some features, and end up shipping with a smaller number features 100% done. It can have all the features you want. Conclusion Take testing and milestones seriously to evaluate the current state or the project. Note: People You could argue that "people" is a fourth variable -- you could increase the number of people to do better with the other three variables. I don't present it that way, since it is generally accepted that adding people to an in-progress project is often counterproductive. The internal view is much more complex than the external view. You are trying to make a plan about a software system, where its details will not be known for some time. Make a basic plan of how the software system parts will fit together in the future. Most software components aren't as separate as gcc is from make (although perhaps they should be!). In the traditional software engineering process, we research what the customers want and what we're going to do.
The IBM Systems Journal was established by a company that then contained one of the largest groups of professionals dedicated to the creation of software.http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/382/goldberg.pdf. As part of a retrospective look at computing developments featured in the Systems Journal, a selection of papers on topics considered to be turning points in software development are discussed in this section, and some representative examples are reprinted. Software development as an art The earliest sequence of published topics was concerned with examples of what could be done with software, such as data analysis and large calculations. During this time, as papers dealt with what could be done with software, this evolution extended to better ways of or-ganizing programs to use hardware resources more optimally, i.e., operating systems and various other re-source management tools. The production of software was an art. But forces were gathering to create a ªsea changeº in the way software would be developed. As a stu-dent there in the early 1970s, I took a course on software development taught by Larry Constantine. The material in the course was the precursor for the structured methodologies that dominated the mid-1970s of software development. Appearing as the ®rst of the papers reprinted in this section on software development, it is entitled ªStructured Designº and was published in 1974. Many other names have been associated with the structured methodologies and with software development methodologies in general, and for a time the family of structured techniques was the recommended approach to be used in developing complex systems. The search turned to how ...
We consider what prototypes are, what the prototyping process is, and how software development approaches adopt prototyping for exploration, experiment or evolution.. We provide a classification of the software development approaches that include prototyping of some kind. The classic waterfall model and its variations assume a software development project where work steps can be clearly detailed before they are executed. In an attempt to overcome the shortcomings of the waterfall model many new software development approaches such as iterative enhancement (Basili and Turner, 1975), rapid prototyping (Gomaa, 1983) evolutionary prototyping and incremental development (Floyd, 1984) have been suggested. Software development approaches incorporating prototyping have gained respectability as they have proved to be able to dynamically respond to changes in user requirements (Floyd, 1984) reduce the amount of rework required and help control the risk of incomplete requirements (Floyd, 1984). The software industry has adopted this industrial technique to construct prototypes as models, simulations, or as partial implementations of systems and to use them for a variety of different purposes, e.g., to test the feasibility of certain technical aspects of a system, or as specification tools to determine user requirements. In this review we consider what prototypes are, what the prototyping process is, and how software development approaches adopt prototyping for exploration, experiment or evolution. We provide a classification of the software development approaches that include prototyping of some kind (see Figure 1 below). ...
The purpose of this document is to establish software programming standards and practices to be used in the development and maintenance of the Gemini software.http://www.gemini.edu/documentation/webdocs/spe/spe-c-g0009.pdf. Those identified as practices by the use of the words “should/may” are included only as good programming conventions and techniques or as objectives to be employed. Establish terminology which allows for production of a well-structured modular software design that is traceable to and will satisfy system requirements. Establish appropriate uniformity of format and program annotation for ease of maintainability. Establish coding standards which minimize interface problems and maximize the effectiveness of the programs generated. As there are several systems commercially available (CodeCheck, et cetera) that will do auditing of coding formats the GPCS will be able to perform compliance tests on the code generated by the WPR during the acceptance test phase of each work package. Scope The standards and practices in this document apply to software developed by Gemini and any parties explicitly contracted to create Gemini packages and modules. Previous Standards All code written prior to the release of this document shall conform to either version 03 (previous) or version 04 (current) of the Software Programming Standards. If code must be modified to bring it in line with one of these standards, you are strongly encouraged to follow the most recent version of the SPS. Code which was written prior to this version of the SPS (version 04, December 1996) may abide by the standards set forth in the previous version of this document. All code written after the release of ...
At present, the two major problems of the U..S.
software industry are the software labour shortage and the lack of globalization
of the U.S. software manufacturers. The lack of globalization is currently having
a smaller impact on the revenue and growths of software manufacturers but is expected
to rise significantly as the global software market matures. This report introduces
an approach called “Overseas Software Development”, which is a way
to distribute the world’s software labour to the software industries of
the foreign nations. However as we move into the new century, the global market
demand growths indicate that the U.S. software manufacturers will need to, significantly,
increase focus on the global software market in order to ensure a successful future
for the company. Overseas software development is an approach, which allows the
distribution of the software development manufacturing. The U.S. is not only the
largest software manufacturer but also the largest software consumer in the world.
Along with the increase in demand for existing software, the software market is
continuously demanding new kinds of software products to satisfy the newest needs
of business or leisure. Also, the increased size of the global software market
is also suggesting a significant rise in the demand for software. Since the United
States carries a majority of the software development on its shoulders, it is
very important that the U.S be prepared with all needed resources to satisfy the
‘potential demand’ of the future software industry. Even after raising
software salaries to such tremendous heights, the increase in the size ...
This paper looks at how intelligence gathering within the software development and delivery process can help in the task of making IT more of a managed and reliable business process.http://www.borland.com/resources/en/pdf/solutions/lqm-ovum-developmental-intellligence.pdf. We put forward the concept of development intelligence as a process and framework for business intelligence for software delivery. With the increase in packaged applications from office suites to CRM, it must seem odd to a non-IT person that there is still so much in-house software development. For a business to gain a commercial advantage from a software package, it needs to be customised for the way that they work. The problem is not the need to customise software or build new software applications from scratch; it is that each software project is like a separate journey of learning. Ask users about reliability and quality of software and the response will be more negative than positive. However, the software delivery process has a long way to go before it can claim to be responsive to realtime and historical data. There are very few studies that have taken place over the years to evaluate losses due to poor requirements analysis, incomp lete software design and bad coding practices. Little of that information is ever used to identify skills shortages within a software development organisation or to see what resources are underused. More long-term commitment into implementing a more comprehensive DI framework would add to the move towards better software security. Being able to track what software calls a library or API that has been identified as a security risk and then patching it is a business-critical issue. DI architecture is based on ...
The RTOS is fully configurable and statically defined within the CodeWarrior™ IDE environment.http://www.freescale.com/files/soft_dev_tools/doc/data_sheet/950-00048.pdf. Only those functions that are required are included providing the user with a truly scaleable RTOS. OSEKturbo OS is available for a wide range of 8-, 16- and 32-bit embedded microprocessors. The Freescale OSEK tool support Freescale offers a Builder tool for easy configuration of OSEKturbo applications. The Freescale OSEK Builder is a graphical Windows™ based application that enables the developer to easily configure a runtime system. The tool allows the developer to optimize the software to meet the specific application needs. A complete system description is generated in OSEK Implementation Language (OIL) format, allowing full portability of the application configuration. The developer may also choose to generate OS libraries from Builder. Freescale also offers an OSEK plug-in to allow kernel-aware debugging in CodeWarrior Development Studio, enabling the developers to use the CodeWarrior IDE for the whole application development. It brings many advantages such as simplified project setup through the use of stationaries and samples. CodeWarrior tools support emphasis in the design of OSEKturbo OS was to meet demanding performance requirements, while maintaining the outstanding reputation for stability and quality (SEI CMM level 52) established in more than five years of automotive ECU development. The result is that Freescale OSEKturbo is one of most widely used OSEK/VDX OS implementations on the market today. In addition Freescale has established strong partnerships with industry leaders providing deeper integration ...
This document provides design information at the level of a developer being tasked with implementing some of these changes.http://www.nws.noaa.gov/oh/hrl/hseb/docs/SoftwareDesignDoc_20070220.pdf. Sections 3.0 and later describe the design of software changes to be made for each group of requirements. The complete design diagrams can be found in Appendix A. In the following sections, references to the design diagrams will be provided based on their diagram numbers. The graphical user interface, via the IVP, provides tools to manage the same parameters provided in the batch file interface. national: A binary field defining if the forecast point is to be used in computing national statistics. The dur and extremum fields will become part of the primary key, since they, along with the location id and physical element, uniquely define a forecast point or location. Furthermore, the forecast type source will also become part of the key, so that it is possible to have different sensor preferences for each forecast type source. Previously, all forecast type sources for a given forecast point had to have the same sensor preference list. The VfyruninfoTableModel class will be enhanced to display columns for all of the new fields in the table within the Vfyruninfo Editor. Each table that will be accessed for forecast, observed, or processed data will have a class created for it that is associated with a record in that table. Memory problems within the IVP software have been recognized since the OB7.2 software was checked into AWIPS. At that time, it was recognized that, given the (then) current hardware available on the archive (ax) machines, an upper limit on the number of pairs that can be ...
