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Transcript from a recent radio interview August 2001 on KUCI radio recorded at the University of Irvine with Dr Brian Porteous and Dr Nick Delgado, here are the questions and answers: I am often asked, why do we need supplement, enzymes, vitamins and minerals? And, What are the signs that we are deficient in Vitamins or minerals? Early signs of vitamin and mineral deficiencies can include lack of energy, fatigue, low endurance, increased body fat and a decline in sexual function.http://www.growyoungandslim.com/articles/WhyYouShouldTakeLiquid.pdf. What can cause vitamin or mineral deficiencies? When you consume sugar, soda pop, alcohol, white pasta, bread, it uses and depletes B vitamins to breakdown the sugar for energy. Is there any evidence that lack of vitamins and minerals can cause premature aging of the skin, intestines, or organs? There are over 90 Essential nutrients including 16 vitamins, 60 minerals, 12 essential amino acids and 3 essential fatty acids because your body cannot make them and we must get them by consuming them as food or supplements. Although over 65% of the children took a multivitamin and mineral, over 50% of the boys and girls did not met the RDA for calcium, iron, vitamin E and Vitamin B-2 Folic acid in their diet. Are the seniors in this country at risk for deficiencies of vitamins and minerals? In a recent study of 3,000 people age 25 to 83, found 65% of people were moderate to seriously deficient in Vitamin B12. Being deficient in vitamin –B12 is know to cause anemia, extreme fatigue, dementia-loss of memory, and severe nerve damage according to the AM J Clinical Nutr. Are there any tests a person can have done for vitamin or minerals before ... A water soluble vitamin supplement with electrolytes for livestock and pets.http://www.klubertanz.com/images/Klubertanz_Pg41.pdf. Maintains required vitamin and mineral levels. Water soluble powder loaded with vitamins. an aid in the prevention of Vitamin E deficiency and to increase breeding capabilities. The natural oils also maintain a shine and gloss of the fur. May be given separately or added to food. Administer once or twice per week. Encourages water intake, while replacing needed electrolyte minerals, which are lost in excreted water. A small amount daily helps keep your rabbits in top condition - on feed - ready to handle potential stress. 1 oz treats up to 12 gal of water. Available either in single spools or boxes of 24 spools. An intestinal aid useful in returning pets to routine feeding by stimulating appetite. Also helps pets thrive during adverse situations, such as showing, grooming, breeding, travel, boarding, worming, etc. 15 gram syringe-like oral dispenser. VITAMINS free choice the year round and stock will consume as required.http://www.evergreenmills.com/0084.pdf. Do not feed other sources of salt. Normal consumption will vary due to animal needs, water location and environmental conditions. Excellent mineral for beef animals receiving liquid feed. Protects mineral from the weather elements. 2. Significantly reduces bricking of mineral under wet or humid conditions, reduces blowing in windy conditions therefore maintaining the integrity and value of the mineral product when fed under adverse free-choice conditions. Monocalcium and dicalcium phosphate 2. These are the most available sources of phosphorus used as the source of phosphorus. commonly used in a mineral. All trace minerals known to be needed by livestock are included. Less labor, only this mineral needs to be available. 7. This feature assures livestock will consume an adequate amount of the mineral. Fruits and vegetables are a great source of many vitamins, minerals, and fiber the body needs.http://www.bodyandsoul.nih.gov/downloads/Whats_In.pdf. They are also packed with hundreds of naturally occurring substances called phytochemicals that may help protect against many diseases. And most fruits and vegetables are low in fat and calories. VITAMINS Fruits and vegetables provide many important vitamins, like vitamin A and vitamin C. The body needs vitamins to do many things. For example, some vitamins help the body produce energy. Others help keep skin healthy. Many adults do not get enough vitamins A and C through the foods they eat. The best way to get vitamins is to eat the whole foods that contain them like fruits and vegetables. MINERALS Fruits and vegetables provide many important minerals, like potassium and magnesium. Many adults do not get enough potassium and magnesium. The body needs potassium to help maintain healthy blood pressure and magnesium to help maintain healthy bones. Phytochemicals work together with vitamins and minerals to promote good health. • Flavanoids in brightly colored fruits and vegetables (such as blueberries, cherries, strawberries) The vitamins, minerals, fiber, and phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables combine for a health-protecting and disease-fighting effect that you can’t get from vitamin pills. He was found to be deficient in the B vitamins and was given shots of B12.http://www.enterhisrest.org/articles/mental_illness.pdf. There are no other nutrients more important to mental health than the B vitamins. The B-complex vitamins provide the body with energy, metabolizing fats and protein, and are necessary for the normal functioning of the nervous system. Mental illness as a physical disease can result from low brain concentrations of vitamins B 1 (thiamine), B6 (pyridoxine), B 12 (cobalamin), niacin, pantothenic acid and folic acid.’ Please, always supplement with a good B-complex formula when adding any one B vitamin to your diet. Remember, vitamins aren’t properly utilized without mineral and minerals are nearly impossible to absorb in tablet form. That's why I take a mineral in solution formula along with a vitamin/mineral tablet that consists of freeze dried sprouts and vegetables. A vitamin B 12 deficiency is a real bogey man – especially in the over-60 crowd. Low blood levels of the vitamin are found in one-third hospitalized psychiatric patients suffering from depression and dementia, according to a Denmark study. Folic acid, a B vitamin found in leafy greens, prevents irritability and forgetfulness; plus, it partners with B 12 in the brain’s synthesis of acetylcholine. If there is something wrong with the intestines, nutrients, especially the B vitamins, cannot be absorbed properly. Studies have shown that among those with intestinal problems, their blood levels of B vitamins are low. An unhealthy intestine cannot absorb B vitamins. Editors at the British Medical Journal stated that a vitamin B 12 deficiency may cause severe psychotic symptoms which may vary in ... The body is not capable of produc-ing sufficient quantities of vitamins to supply its needs under nor-mal circumstances.http://www.editorialservice.com/interiors/pets.pdf. There are some vitamin-like substances that are not considered essential since the body’s tissues are usually able to produce them in sufficient amounts. Each vitamin has its own unique functions in the body and cannot be replaced by any other substance. Real vitamins are too complex to develop in a test tube and put in a bottle—even with man’s modern technological advances. What man has developed is a “vitamin fraction” or a small part of a real vitamin and given it a name such as ascorbic acid for vita-min C. As you will see, ascorbic acid is only a small part of vita-min C and physiologically does not act as “real” vitamin C. Real vitamins can only be obtained from foods or food concentrates Once a vitamin is sepa-rated or fractionated into a single compound, it no longer be-haves as nature intended the vitamin to behave. Thus, synthesized vitamins have little or no value and may even be dangerous with prolonged use. Extensive research is elucidating the various roles and interre-lationships of vitamin compounds or complexes. Though the na-ture, chemical structure, and composition of most vitamins are known and many vitamin fractions have been isolated and syn-thesized (parts of vitamins produced in the laboratory), research has really only scratched the surface of identifying all the interde-pendent and interactive components of vitamin complexes.1 One dog may require five times as much vitamin A or vitamin D as another dog. With synthetic or frac-tionated vitamins, the body has no choice. It must ... I don’t take them— Wrong Thousands of years ago, when man was a hunter gatherer we ate whatever was available.http://www.birdsupplynh.com/vetafarm/VitaminsForMyBird.pdf. We could move around the land in search of fresh food. In the good times we prospered but when food was short many died of starvation. Just read the side panel of your cereal packet and you will see that vitamins and minerals are being added for you. Similarly, your margarine has vitamins added—most products do. So you do take many vitamins. So farmers add vitamin and mineral supplements to their animals' feeds to ensure the animals are healthy, grow fast and that their meat or milk is nutritious. Green food is full of vitamins, minerals and protein. However, to supply all your birds' vitamin needs this way, fresh grasses would need to make up 100 per cent of the diet, as in the wild . So birdkeepers depend on dry seed with its very poor vitamin and protein content. In my experience they were either using supplements without realising it (most commercial eggfoods have a small vitamin supplementation) or they were the type of people who relish the fact that their high-quality birds are difficult to breed. In case any Parrot breeders among you are feeling complacent because you give your birds fruit and vegetables so don't need vitamin supplements, consider this: Steve Bourke tripled his chick output when he added Vetafarm vitamins to his bird's seed, fruit and vegetable diet. So in conclusion—you do eat vitamin supplements and your birds should too. It is very easy to add Vetafarm's Soluvet vitamins to your birds daily diet. HIV-associated malnutrition is not adequately addressed by reducing HIV viral load.http://www.communityconsortium.org/about/oct30cam.pdf. Appears to be safe and leads to significant cardiopulmonary fitness(Cochrane review, 2002). Alone or in conjunction with anabolic steroids results in significant improvement in muscle mass(Bhasin et al, 2000; Grinspoon et al, 2001) Management of metabolic complications and antiretroviral therapy Recommendations by IAS-USA Panel(2002): Body fat distribution- “Both aerobic and resistance exercise…should be encouraged…with central or generalized fat accumulation.” Observational data have shown that low blood levels of vitamins A, E, B12, selenium, and zinc are associated with a more rapid disease progression and death. Vitamins In longitudinal studies involving asymptomatic HIV+, higher intake of vitamins B, C, and multivitamins was associated with improved CD4 cell counts, less disease progression, and decrease mortality. Despite these observations, there have actually been only 2 randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials examining the benefits of vitamins in HIV individuals. Africa: 1,078 pregnant HIV positive women enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. All women received antenatal iron and folic acid. Multivitamins only 24% Placebo 31% Those who received multivitamins were less likely to progress to AIDS or death(P=0.04). The multivitamin group also had a significant reduction in URIs, oral and GI symptoms, rashes and fatigue compared to placebo. Vitamin A alone did not differ significantly from placebo in terms of benefit. Vitamins Despite the limited data on the benefits of multivitamins, ... Oils provide energy, fat soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, and E), and essential fatty acids that are required for proper growth and development.http://www.mostproject.org/Updates_Feb05/Oils.pdf. The stability of vitamin A is greater in oils than in any other food and oil facilitates the absorption of vitamin A by the body. Crude vegetable oils are a rich source of vitamin E. Processing crude oil, however, can result in the loss of this vitamin; the extent of this loss is dependent on the processing method used. Vitamin E antioxidants, such as alpha (α) tocopherol, prevent rancidity and protect other components in the oil susceptible to oxidation, including vitamin A, but it is not a good fortificant. A 15 g serving (1 tablespoon) of these margarines would provide between 4 and 51 percent of the recommended daily intake (RDI; FAO/WHO 1988) for vitamin A, and between 2 and 20 percent of the RDI for vitamin D for pre-school children. Technology The most common commercial vitamin A and D 3 blend used contains 1,000,000 IU vitamin A palmitate (300,000 mg/g) and 100,000 IU vitamin D 3 (2,500 mg/g) in a liquid form, stabilized with vitamin E ( α -tocopherol) or a BHA/BHT mixture. The same vitamin A/D blend is also available with vitamin E fortificant (vitamin E acetate) as a custom-made premix. Fortification of vegetable oil Oil fortification consists of adding appropriate amounts of vitamin A and D 3 concentrate to clarified, degassed oil at 45-50 ° C. The solubility of commercially available vitamin A and D 3 blends in vegetable oils is excellent. Edible antioxidants (BHA and/or BHT) or natural antioxidants (e.g. α - tocopherol or ascorbyl palmitate) may be added to protect ... Prabha et al.http://www.ecology.kee.hu/pdf/0501_057061.pdf.: Comparative studies on the levels of vitamins during vermicomposting of fruit waste Within a very short period, a good quality compost rich in nutrient and vitamins is prepared, which is a highly efficient, cost effective and ecologically sound input for agriculture. The present study was carried out to find the changes in the levels of vitamins namely vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C present in fruit wastes during vermicomposting at different time intervals (15, 30 and 45 days) by Eudrilus eugeniae and Eiseniae fetida. The levels of vitamin A, E, and C were found to be higher in fruit wastes degraded by Eisenia fetida than Eudrilus eugeniae. - 10 percent of the feed stock for its growth, excrete mucus coated undigested matter as nutrients and vitamins rich worm casts 5. Vermicasts are a resource that are rich in mineral nutrients, vitamins, plant growth hormones, proteins and enzymes. Hence the present study was carried out to find the changes in the levels of vitamin A, E and C in fruit wastes during vermicomposting at different time intervals (15, 30 and 45 days) by Eudrilus eugeniae and Eisenia fetida. In control as well as experimental pits, the compost samples were taken on the 15th, 30th and 45th days for the analysis of vitamins. Vitamin A was assayed by the method of Nield and Pearson (1963) 6, vitamin E by the method described by Varley et al., (1980)7 and C by the method described by Sadasivam and Balasubramaniam (1987) 8. For the purpose of statistical analysis, Duncan’s multiple range test was applied for comparing the levels of vitamins at different time intervals. They have a wide ... Micronutrient Content of Milk The micronutrient profile of whole milk (Table 2) shows that it is an excellent source of calcium and vitamin B2, a good source of vitamin A, and a fair source of vitamin D, providing 26 to 40%, 23 to 52%, 10 to 24%, and about 5% of the USRDA, respectively, per serving of 250 milliliters.http://www.mostproject.org/Updates_Feb05/Milk.pdf. However, seasonal variations are observed in the natural vitamin content of milk due to differences in feeding patterns. As a result, the vitamin A content of fresh milk, in the USA for example, varies from 600 to 1800 IU/liter (Figure 1) while the vitamin D content varies from 5 to 40 IU/liter. These industrial processes destroy some nutrients, especially the vitamins naturally present in milk, and the extent of the losses depends on the nutrient and the processing method. Fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamins A and D, are lost when milk fat is removed, but they can be replaced through fortification. Nutrients Generally Added to Milk Liquid milk fortification with vitamins A and/or D is mandated in several countries. Some dairies in the USA fortify milk with vitamins C and E and calcium, in addition to vitamins A and D. At these levels, a serving of 100 milliliters of milk will provide 21 to 38% of the USRDA for vitamin A (1,330 to 2,330 IU) and 13% of the USRDA for vitamin D (400 IU) for children 1 to 10 years old. For example, a vitamin A and D premix can be obtained by diluting 1 part of a vitamin mixture containing 1 million IU of vitamin A and 1,000 IU of vitamin D in 10 parts of warm oil (40-50 C), and later homogenizing with 50 parts of fresh skim milk. A precise quality control plan must be ... Why do we need vitamins? • Vitamins and minerals play many important roles in our bodies.http://www.catie.ca/pdf/ACASfs/NutrVitaSupp.pdf. Do people with HIV/AIDS have special needs for vitamins? • Some people with HIV/AIDS have low levels of certain vitamins and minerals. This may be due to not taking enough of the vitamins or not being able to absorb them from the food they eat. • Vitamin deficiencies common in people with HIV/AIDS include: vitamin A, B1, B6, B12, C, and folate. • People with lower-than-normal levels of vitamin A, the B vitamins, vitamin E and the mineral selenium have been found to get sick faster than those with normal levels of these vitamins and minerals. How do I get enough vitamins and minerals? • The best source of vitamins and minerals is from the food you eat. Eating a variety of foods, including vegetables and fruits of different colours, will give you a good source of vitamins and minerals. • If you have good diet but are still low in some minerals and vitamins, you may take them as supplements in the form of pills or injections. • Taking too much of a vitamin can be harmful and can cause side effects as well. Some vitamins do not mix well with certain medications. You should talk to a dietitian or your doctor about which vitamin and mineral supplements to take. General nutritional recommendations on vitamins and minerals: 1.. Identify the nutrients vitamins A and C, a major function each plays a healthy body, and food sources of each. 3. Identify information on the Nutrition Facts label related to vitamins and minerals. 4. Describe how school meals provide vitamins and minerals and contribute to students’ health and ability to learn. Parent 1 Have you heard that fruits and vegetables today don’t have vitamins like they used to? I heard that all of the processing takes the vitamins right out. We give our kids a vitamin every morning and it has what they need in it. We were just talking about the vitamins missing from fruits and vegetables today. Parent 2 And we were wondering if one of these daily multi-vitamins is okay instead. These foods are rich sources of today’s featured nutrients, Vital Vitamins and Mighty Minerals. Today we will focus on just four: vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, and iron. Beta-carotene appears to promote health beyond being a source of vitamin A. For good nutrition, get vitamin A from a variety of plant and animal sources. Collagen, part of bones and ligaments, contains vitamin C. These are only two of the important functions of vitamin C. Citrus fruits, including oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and limes, provide vitamin C. Tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, strawberries, cantaloupe, and broccoli are other tasty sources. Fruits and vegetables are naturally rich sources of vitamin C. The pure vitamin is often added to breakfast cereals and other fortified foods and fruit juices. Vitamins A and C are called leader nutrients because foods rich in these nutrients are generally also rich in other vitamins and minerals. Eating a ... Active individuals with poor or marginal nutritional status for a B-vitamin may have decreased ability to perform exercise at high intensities.http://www.humankinetics.com/eJournalMedia/pdfs/6140.pdf. Current research suggests that exercise may increase the requirements for riboflavin and vitamin B-6, while data for folate and vitamin B-12 are limited. For example, the B-vitamins are necessary in the energy-producing pathways of the body, while folate and vitamin B-12 are required for the synthesis of new cells, such as red blood cells, and for the repair of dam-aged cells. The RDA for vitamin B-6 for men and women age 19 to 50 y is 1.3 mg while the UL for vitamin B-6 is 100 mg (41). Because vitamin B-6 is concentrated in certain foods, elimination of meats, whole grains, legumes, and bananas will dramatically reduce the intake of vitamin B-6 in the diet. At the end of the 8-month study, 41% of the athletes assigned to the placebo still had poor vitamin B-6 status while only 10% of those athletes assigned to the multivitamin/mineral supplement were still in poor vitamin B-6 status. They also observed that the risk of vitamin B-6 deficiency was highest in pre-Olympic years (16%) and lowest in Olympic years (3%), suggesting that some athletes had poor vitamin B-6 status while consuming their typical diets. Because vitamin B-12 is found almost exclusively in animal products, an athlete following a vegetarian diet needs to include food sources that will provide vitamin B-12 (2). As with assessment of dietary intakes of vitamin B-12 in athletes, there are few reports assessing vitamin B-12 status. Thus, more research is needed to understand vitamin B-12 status and metabolism ... | |
